R I K A

Sunday, June 28, 2009 | 19:17 pm

JAKARTA, KOMPAS.com-Director, Center for Information and Development Studies (CIDES), Umar Juoro estimates, 2010 outlook of the Indonesian economy can be good if the world economy began to recover.

"If the world economy recovers, the Indonesian economic growth can return to levels around 6 percent," he said in Jakarta, Sunday (28 / 6).

Umar said the economic growth of about 6 percent of the course to encourage export activities, and of course, will import more positive, also for invetasi impact inside and outside the country. "Moreover, if the infrastructure development program, both in the scheme kebijakaan economic stimulation as well as ongoing programs may experience significant growth," he said.

Umar assess Indonesian economic development challenges ahead than the problems of infrastructure development is to balance economic growth. The orientation of the sector more sustainable growth and create employment opportunities tend to be relatively large, especially in the manufacturing sector.

Problems of infrastructure development, according to him, not in terms of financing, but more to do with structural issues such as land acquisition, tariffs and other legal certainty. "Of course these structural problems can not be solved immediately, but at least a gradual improvement will encourage the development of a better economy," said Umar.

Indonesia's economic growth noted at the time of global crisis, he explained, until the first quarter - 2009 reached 4.4 percent, mainly supported by private consumption which grew 5.8 percent and government spending. Similarly, even experienced negative growth in exports of more than 20 percent, but the trade balance and current account is still positive because the negative import growth is greater than exports.

Recent strategic value of the rupiah and stock market indices also experienced a significant strengthening because of the prospect that Indonesia's economy seen either so investors began pouring their funds into the market is expected to give high results, especially in emerging markets commodity markets.

"The strengthening of the rupiah and the stock market index is predicted will continue, although at a particular moment happened correction. So do not over-estimate the value of the rupiah will be through a range of numbers USD 9500 per U.S. dollar and the stock market index reaches 2300," said Umar Juoro.

http://bisniskeuangan.kompas.com/read/2009/06/28/19175042/Prospek.Perekonomian.Indonesia.2010.Akan.Baik

JAKARTA, KOMPAS.com — Target pertumbuhan produk domestik bruto (PDB) yang dipatok oleh pemerintah tahun ini sebesar 5,5 persen diperkirakan akan tercapai. Taimur Baig selaku Ekonom Senior Deutsche Bank menyatakan, pertumbuhan ekonomi global yang mulai pulih sejak akhir tahun 2009 akan memengaruhi Indonesia untuk membangun ketahanan ekonominya terhadap dampak krisis ekonomi global.

"Tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi yang berkesinambungan dan pasar keuangan domestik yang kuat membuat Indonesia relatif kebal terhadap krisis keuangan global. Ini menjadi landasan kuat bagi perekonomian yang stabil dan pertumbuhan yang berkelanjutan di 2010," kata Taimur di Jakarta, Selasa (19/1/2010).

Deutsche Bank memperkirakan pertumbuhan ekonomi 2010 akan didorong oleh investasi dan sektor perdagangan. Ini berbeda dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi 2009 sebesar 4,3 persen yang sebagian besar didorong oleh pertumbuhan konsumsi.

"Dengan sektor perekonomian dan manufaktur yang semakin kokoh sepanjang tahun lalu, perekonomian Indonesia di tahun 2010 semakin kuat," tuturnya.

Secara global, pihaknya memperkirakan pertumbuhan PDB dunia mencapai 3,9 persen pada tahun 2010. Sementara PDB Amerika Serikat diperkirakan tumbuh 3,6 persen pada 2010, Jepang tumbuh 1,1 persen, dan negara-negara Uni Eropa yang menggunakan mata uang euro 1,5 persen.

Adapun tingkat inflasi diperkirakan mencapai rata-rata 6 persen tahun ini atau berada pada kisaran yang ditargetkan Bank Indonesia (BI), yaitu 4-6 persen.

http://bisniskeuangan.kompas.com/read/2010/01/19/12384057/Perekonomian.Indonesia.2010.Semakin.Kuat

Economy and Trade

Indonesia's economy, south-east Asia's largest, has grown robustly since Asia's 1997–1999 financial crisis. Indonesia's economy, south-east Asia's largest, has grown robustly since Asia's 1997-1999 financial crisis. Economic reforms and better fiscal management became a priority after 2004, after the succession of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, following the country's first direct election, which ended decades of authoritarian rule. Economic Reforms and better fiscal management became a priority after 2004, after the succession of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, following the country's first direct election, which ended decades of Authoritarian Rule. GDP growth rose from 5.5% in 2006 to 6.3% in 2007, the highest in a decade, but in 2008 it dipped to an estimated 5.9%. GDP growth rose from 5.5% in 2006 to 6.3% in 2007, the highest in a decade, but in 2008 it dipped to an estimated 5.9%. Indonesia's debt-to-GDP ratio has fallen, and, in 2003, it graduated from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) loan program. Indonesia's debt-to-GDP ratio has fallen, and, in 2003, it graduated from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) loan program. The region's main oil and gas producer, it became a net importer of oil in 2004, as a result of ageing wells and low levels of investment. The region's main oil and gas producer, it became a net importer of oil in 2004, as a result of aging wells and low levels of investment. Exports include oil and gas, plywood, textiles, rubber, and palm oil. Exports include oil and gas, plywood, textiles, rubber, and palm oil. Indonesia, which is Asia's third most populous country, has faced costly natural disasters , including the 2004 tsunami, and three earthquakes in 2005–2006. Indonesia, which is Asia's third most populous country, has faced Costly natural disasters, including the 2004 tsunami, and three earthquakes in 2005-2006. Its legal system remains weak, while bureaucracy and lack of infrastructure impede foreign investment. Its legal system remains weak, while bureaucracy and lack of infrastructure impede foreign investment.

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Economic Policy over 12 Months Economic Policy over 12 Months

The high oil price dented the Indonesian government's budget in 2008 because of high fuel subsidies. The high oil price dented the Indonesian government's budget in 2008 because of high fuel subsidies. In March 2008, the fuel subsidy was forecast to cost US$11.53 billion for that year, more than double the original forecast. In March 2008, the fuel subsidy was forecast to cost U.S. $ 11.53 billion for that year, more than double the original forecast. The government announced in May 2008 that Indonesia would leave OPEC, and focus instead on boosting its own lagging oil and gas industry. The government announced in May 2008 that Indonesia would leave OPEC, and focus instead on boosting its own lagging oil and gas industry. This was, in part, a political move to highlight escalating oil prices. This was, in part, a political move to highlight the escalating oil prices. In an unpopular development during the same month, the government also raised domestic fuel prices by 29%. In an unpopular development during the same month, the government also raised domestic fuel prices by 29%.

In February 2009, the government sanctioned a US$6 billion stimulus package that included tax breaks , cuts in electricity subsidies, and increased spending on transport and infrastructure. In February 2009, the government sanctioned a U.S. $ 6 billion stimulus package that included tax breaks, cuts in electricity subsidies, and increased spending on transport and infrastructure. Suharso Monoarfa, deputy chairman of the parliamentary committee, said the package would curb rising unemployment, sustain consumer spending , and strengthen businesses. Suharso Monoarfa, deputy chairman of the parliamentary committee, said the package would Curb rising unemployment, sustain consumer spending, and strengthen businesses.

Monetary policy has been conducted within an inflation-targeting regime since mid-2005, when the former policy of monetary targeting was scrapped. Monetary policy has been conducted within an inflation-targeting regime since mid-2005, when the former policy of monetary targeting was scrapped. Following an upsurge in 2005–2006 as a result of fuel price hikes, inflation was brought under control, and ended 2007 within the desired range of 5–7%. Following an upsurge in 2005-2006 as a result of fuel price hikes, inflation was brought under control, and ended in 2007 within the desired range of 5-7%. However, it had risen to 10.5% in February 2009. However, it had risen to 10.5% in February 2009. Even so, the central bank felt able to reduce interest rates to 7.75% the following month. Even so, the central bank felt able to reduce interest rates to 7.75% the following month.

To help ease its US$11.6 billion budget deficit , Indonesia sold US$3 billion of bonds in February 2009. To help ease its U.S. $ 11.6 billion budget deficit, Indonesia sold U.S. $ 3 billion of bonds in February 2009. The country had already raised US$4.2 billion from dollar-denominated bond sales during 2008. The country had already raised U.S. $ 4.2 billion from dollar-denominated bond sales during 2008. In February 2009, Indonesia was also one of 13 Asian nations that pooled US$120 billion of foreign-exchange reserves in an attempt to stem the flight of capital out of south-east Asia. In February 2009, Indonesia was also one of 13 Asian nations that Pooled U.S. $ 120 billion of foreign-exchange reserves in an attempt to stem the flight of capital out of south-east Asia.

On March 3 2009, the World Bank approved a US$2 billion contingency loan on which the government can draw, should market liquidity or access to international or domestic credit tighten. On March 3rd 2009, the World Bank approved a U.S. $ 2 billion contingency loan on which the government can draw, should market liquidity or access to international or domestic tighten credit. The loan was part of US$5.5 billion contingency financing for Indonesia, which could include US$1.0–1.5 billion each from Australia, Japan, and the Asian Development Bank . The loan was part of U.S. $ 5.5 billion contingency financing for Indonesia, which could include U.S. $ 1.0-1.5 billion each from Australia, Japan, and the Asian Development Bank.

Joachim von Amsberg, the World Bank 's Indonesia director, said that Indonesia had reduced its debt-to-GDP ratio by more than any major economy in the region—from 55% in 2004 to 30% in 2008. Joachim von Amsberg, the World Bank's Indonesia director, said that Indonesia had reduced its debt-to-GDP ratio by more than any major economy in the region-from 55% in 2004 to 30% in 2008. “The strong macroeconomic management of previous years is now paying off,” he said. "The strong Macroeconomic management of previous years is now paying off," he said.

The success or failure of the stimulus package is expected to be critical to the political fortunes of President Yudhoyono as he seeks re-election in July 2009, after the parliamentary polls of April 2009. The success or failure of the stimulus package is expected to be critical to the political fortunes of President Yudhoyono as he seeks re-election in July 2009, after the parliamentary polls of April 2009.

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Economic Performance over 12 Months Economic Performance over 12 Months

Indonesia is weathering the international financial storm better than many other countries. Indonesia is Weathering the international financial storm better than many other countries. The economy grew by 5.9% in 2008, and the government of President Yudhoyono expects it will grow by 4.5% in 2009. The economy grew by 5.9% in 2008, and the government of President Yudhoyono expects it will grow by 4.5% in 2009.

The country, classed as an emerging economy , has practised prudent fiscal management, backed by reforms of its financial sector. The country, classed as an emerging economy, has practised prudent fiscal management, backed by Reforms of its financial sector. In early 2008, however, it suffered an exogenous shock because of the rising price of food, especially staples such as wheat, soybeans, and rice, and crude oil. In early 2008, however, it suffered an exogenous shock because of the rising price of food, especially staples such as wheat, soybeans, and rice, and crude oil.

In a bid to prop up the value of the rupiah, the central bank has been tapping into its foreign currency reserves . In a bid to prop up the value of the rupiah, the central bank has been tapping into its foreign currency reserves. In March 2009, the currency sank to around IDR11,700 to the US dollar, well below the earlier forecast of IDR9,400. In March 2009, the currency sank to around IDR11, 700 to the U.S. dollar, well below the earlier forecast of IDR9, 400. The rupiah was worth IDR2,000 to the US dollar before the Asian financial crisis of 1997–1998. The rupiah was worth IDR2, 000 to the U.S. dollar before the Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998.

However, the weakness of the rupiah does not seem to have outweighed the slump in demand for Indonesia's key commodities. However, the weakness of the rupiah does not seem to have outweighed the slump in demand for Indonesia's key commodities. In January 2009, overseas shipments fell by 35.5% to US$7.15 billion, their biggest fall in 22 years. In January 2009, overseas shipments fell by 35.5% to U.S. $ 7.15 billion, their biggest fall in 22 years.

The leading destination for Indonesian exports is Japan. The leading destination for Indonesian exports is Japan. Other big export markets include Singapore, the United States, China, South Korea, and Saudi Arabia. Other big export markets include Singapore, the United States, China, South Korea, and Saudi Arabia. Indonesia's exports, however, are only equivalent to about one-third of its GDP, so it is less vulnerable to swings in global demand than some of its Asian neighbors. Indonesia's exports, however, are only equivalent to about one-third of its GDP, so it is less vulnerable to swings in global demand than some of its Asian neighbors. Indonesia is expected to become a net exporter of rice for the first time in more than 30 years during 2009, with a production of 60.93 million tonnes, up by about 1% on 2008. Indonesia is expected to become a net exporter of rice for the first time in more than 30 years during 2009, with a production of 60.93 million tonnes, up by about 1% on 2008. As a consequence, the domestic retail price of the staple did not suffer its customary first-quarter hike. As a consequence, the domestic retail price of the staple did not suffer Customary its first-quarter hike.

Indonesia's fiscal deficit is expected to broaden to an average of 2.8% of GDP in 2009–2010 as the country seeks to ride out the global downturn. Indonesia's fiscal deficit is expected to broaden to an average of 2.8% of GDP in 2009-2010 as the country seeks to ride out the global downturn.

The country's central statistics agency said, in February 2009, that unemployment had climbed to 8.39% of the country's total workforce of 111.9 million in August 2008. The country's central statistics agency said, in February 2009, that unemployment had climbed to 8:39% of the country's total workforce of 111.9 million in August 2008.

Indonesia's problems with corruption were highlighted by the conviction, in October 2008, of the central bank 's ex-governor, Burhanuddin Abdullah, for embezzling some US$12.6 million from the bank. Indonesia's problems with corruption were highlighted by the conviction, in October 2008, of the central bank's ex-governor, Burhanuddin Abdullah, for embezzling some U.S. $ 12.6 million from the bank. In a related case, four other former central bankers were charged with graft in February 2009. In a related case, four other central former Bankers were charged with graft in February 2009. They have denied wrongdoing. They have denied wrongdoing.

The IMF is more pessimistic about the outlook for the Indonesian economy than the government. The IMF is more pessimistic about the outlook for the Indonesian economy than the government. In January 2009, it projected that GDP growth would fall to 3.5% in 2009 before recovering to 4% in 2010. In January 2009, it projected that GDP growth would fall to 3.5% in 2009 before recovering to 4% in 2010. The Economist Intelligence Unit is gloomier, forecasting growth will slow to 1.9% in 2009, before recovering to 2.2% in 2010. The Economist Intelligence Unit is gloomier, forecasting growth will slow to 1.9% in 2009, before recovering to 2.2% in 2010.

http://www.qfinance.com/country-profiles/indonesia

Southeast Asia's largest economy expanded 5.4 percent in the three months to Dec. 31 from a year earlier after gaining 4.2 percent in the third quarter, the statistics office said in Jakarta today. 31 from a year earlier after Gaining 4.2 percent in the third quarter, the statistics office said in Jakarta today. The median forecast in a Bloomberg News survey of 18 economists was for a 5 percent increase. The median forecast in a Bloomberg News survey of 18 Economists was for a 5 percent increase.

Asian economies from China to Vietnam are picking up speed after policy makers boosted spending and slashed borrowing costs to counter the global recession . Asian economies from China to Vietnam are picking up speed after policy makers boosted spending and slashed borrowing costs to counter the global recession. Credit Suisse Group AG said Indonesia and other countries in the region are less vulnerable to sovereign risks than some Europe an nations as Asian debt levels are lower and more sustainable. Credit Suisse Group AG said Indonesia and other countries in the region are less vulnerable to sovereign risks than some Europe's nations as the Asian debt levels are lower and more sustainable.

“Indonesia's financing situation compares favorably to many of its regional and rating peers, not to mention the weak links in the European Union ,” Cem Karacadag , an economist at Credit Suisse in Singapore, said before the report. "Indonesia's financing situation compares favorably to many of its regional and rating peers, not to mention the weak links in the European Union," Cem Karacadag, an economist at Credit Suisse in Singapore, said before the report. “The government's financing situation is manageable and Indonesia's creditworthiness is gradually but steadily improving.” "The government's financing situation is manageable and Indonesia's creditworthiness is Gradually but steadily improving."

The Indonesian government's financing requirements will be about 4 percent of gross domestic product this year, less than half of those of India and the Philippines, and less than a quarter of those of Greece, Portugal, Spain, and Turkey , according to Credit Suisse estimates. The Indonesian government's financing requirements will be about 4 percent of gross domestic product this year, less than half of those of India and the Philippines, and less than a quarter of those of Greece, Portugal, Spain, and Turkey, according to Credit Suisse estimates .

Greek Tragedy Greek Tragedy

Europe an officials, who are meeting at a summit in Brussels tomorrow, are considering assistance for Greece after the country's deficit threatened financial-market stability. Europe's officials, who are meeting at a summit in Brussels tomorrow, are considering assistance for Greece after the country's deficit threatened the financial-market stability. The Euro 's slide to a nine-month low and surging bond yields prompted leaders to drop their resistance to rescuing Greece and protect the rest of the Euro region from market turmoil . The euro's slide to a nine-month low and surging bond yields prompted leaders to drop their resistance to rescuing Greece and protect the rest of the euro region from market turmoil.

Asia is “relatively risk free” from contagion from Europe as the region's governments mainly use domestic markets to fund their deficits and debt levels are within sustainable limits, CIMB Investment Bank Bhd. Asia is "Relatively risk free" from contagion from Europe as the region's governments mainly use domestic markets to fund their deficits and debt levels are within sustainable limits, CIMB Investment Bank Bhd.. said in a Feb. said in a February 8 report. 8 report.

Indonesia's economy expanded 4.5 percent in 2009, according to today's report. GDP shrank 2.4 percent in the fourth quarter from the previous three months. Indonesia's economy expanded 4.5 percent in 2009, according to today's report.'s GDP shrank 2.4 percent in the fourth quarter from the previous three months.

Indonesia has fared better than its neighbors during the global slump as it relies less on exports and consumer confidence has been buoyed by the most stable political climate since the ouster of former dictator Suharto in 1998. Indonesia has fared better than its neighbors during the global slump as it relies less on exports and consumer confidence has been buoyed by the most stable political climate since the ouster of former dictator Suharto in 1998.

“For Indonesia, the risks have nothing to do with politics,” Nikhil Srinivasan , who helps manage about $30 billion as Singapore-based chief Invest ment officer for Asia and the Middle East at Allianz Invest ment Management, said in an interview in Jakarta before the report. "For Indonesia, the risks have nothing to do with politics," Nikhil Srinivasan, who helps manage about $ 30 billion as Singapore-based chief Invest ment officer for Asia and the Middle East at Allianz Invest ment Management, said in an interview in Jakarta before the report. “The only worry is making sure they push infrastructure so that growth can be more than 5 percent.” "The only worry is making sure they push infrastructure so that growth can be more than 5 percent."

Consumer Confidence Consumer Confidence

The Jakarta benchmark stock index increased 87 percent last year and the rupiah gained 16 percent, the best performance from an Asian currency outside Japan, as foreign funds sought to take advantage of Indonesia's strengthening economy. The Jakarta stock benchmark index increased 87 percent last year and the rupiah gained 16 percent, the best performance of the Asian currency from outside Japan, as foreign funds sought to take advantage of Indonesia's strengthening economy.

Growth in Indonesia's $514 billion economy has been supported by rising consumer confidence, which according to a central bank index rose in January to near the five-year high recorded in July 2009 when President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was elected to a second term. Growth in Indonesia's $ 514 billion economy has been supported by rising consumer confidence, which according to a central bank index rose in January to near the five-year high recorded in July 2009 when President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was elected to a second term.

Yudhoyono, 60, has pledged to double spending on roads, seaports and airports to $140 billion over the next five years, part of his push to deliver economic growth of at least 6.6 percent by the end of 2014. Yudhoyono, 60, has pledged to double spending on roads, seaports and airports to $ 140 billion over the next five years, part of his push to deliver economic growth of at least 6.6 percent by the end of 2014.

Car Sales Car Sales

Consumer spending is also benefitting from low Inflation , said economists including Alexander Eric Sugandi from Standard Chartered Plc. Consumer spending is also benefitting from Low Inflation, said Economists including Eric Alexander Sugandi from Standard Chartered Plc. in Jakarta. Inflation slowed to a decade low of 2.78 percent last year. in Jakarta. Inflation Slowed to a decade low of 2.78 percent last year.

Indonesian car sales rose to 148,598 units in the fourth quarter from 140,585 a year earlier, according to data from Indonesia's Car Association. Indonesian car sales rose to 148.598 units in the fourth quarter from 140.585 a year earlier, according to data from Indonesia's Car Association. Sales may increase to between 550,000 and 600,000 this year from 486,061 in 2009, according to Joko Trisanyoto , PT Toyota Astra Motor's marketing director. Sales may increase to between 550.000 and 600.000 this year from 486.061 in 2009, according to Joko Trisanyoto, PT Toyota Astra Motor's marketing director.

PT Krakatau Steel , Indonesia's largest producer of the metal, expects sales to increase by 20 percent to 19 trillion rupiah ($2 billion) this year due to possible demand from government infrastructure projects, Irvan K. PT Krakatau Steel, Indonesia's largest producer of the metal, expects sales to increase by 20 percent to 19 trillion rupiah ($ 2 billion) this year due to possible demand from government infrastructure projects, Irvan K. Hakim, marketing director of the company, said on Feb. Judge, marketing director of the company, said on February 8. 8.

Indonesia's central bank cut its benchmark interest rate by 3 percentage points between December 2008 and August last year to shield the nation from the global recession . Indonesia's central bank cut its benchmark interest rate by 3 percentage points between December 2008 and August last year to shield the nation from the global recession. The policy rate has since been maintained at 6.5 percent. The policy rate has since been maintained at 6.5 percent.

The Philippine economy expanded 1.8 percent in the fourth quarter of 2009 from a year earlier and China's GDP increased 10.7 percent. The Philippine economy expanded 1.8 percent in the fourth quarter of 2009 from a year earlier and China's GDP increased 10.7 percent.

Indonesia's “economic upswing remains on track, with domestic demand leading the way,” said Ashira Perera, an economist at Capital Economics Ltd. Indonesia's "economic upswing remains on track, with domestic demand leading the way," said Ashira Perera, an economist at Capital Economics Ltd.. in London. in London.

To contact the reporter on this story: Aloysius Unditu in Jakarta at aunditu@blomberg.net To contact the reporter on this story: Aloysius Unditu in Jakarta at aunditu@blomberg.net
Last Updated: February 9, 2010 23:31 EST Last Updated: February 9, 2010 23:31 ET
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Economic management is not an exact science. One wag once wrote that an economic reform usually has precisely the opposite effect of what was intended. One Wag once wrote that the economic reform has usually precisely the opposite effect of what was intended. A bit of an exaggeration but nonetheless a reminder that the best of good intentions can go badly wrong. A bit of an exaggeration but a reminder that Nonetheless the best of Good Intentions can go badly wrong.

Yet the problems at this stage of a boom in an emerging market are well documented and highly repetitive. Yet the problems at this stage of a boom in the emerging markets are well documented and highly repetitive. For however open and fair an economy the introduction of excessive growth - in this case due to a massive spike in oil revenues - will produce particular strains: notably capacity and supply constraints and accompanying inflation. However for an open and fair economy of the introduction of excessive growth - in this case due to a massive spike in oil revenues - will produce particular strains: notably capacity and supply constraints and Accompanying inflation.

This is most obvious in housing rents. This is most obvious in housing rents. There is a limited housing stock which can not be expanded overnight. There is a limited housing stock which can not be expanded overnight. A boom produces strong demand for housing and so rents rise, unless the government steps in to cap rentals. A boom produces strong demand for housing and so rents rise, unless the government steps in to cap rental.

Capping rents Capping rents

A government cap on rents is an effective policy at a late stage in a boom to prevent huge rent rises from crippling local residents. A government cap on rents is an effective policy at a late stage in a huge boom to prevent crippling rent rises from local residents.

However, if it becomes a long-term policy it will distort the local construction sector by making it uneconomic to build housing units as building costs will rise even if rents do not. However, if it becomes a long-term policy it will Distort the local construction sector by making it uneconomic to build housing units as building costs will rise even if rents do not. This will make the shortage of homes even worse, and encourage landlords to neglect their properties. This will make the shortage of homes even worse, and encourage landlords to neglect their properties.

Rent control is why parts of New York look like slum dwellings, and that is a shame in one of the world's richest cities. Rent control is why parts of New York look like slum Dwellings, and that is a shame in one of the world's Richest cities. But private sector real estate investors have to make a profit to survive and if that process is interrupted then there are market consequences. But private sector real estate investors have to make a profit to survive and if that process is interrupted then there are the market consequences.

Indeed, probably the most effective economic policy in a boom period is the maximum liberalization of an economy and the elimination of old barriers to free trade and investment. Indeed, probably the most effective economic policy in a boom period is the maximum liberalization of the economy and the elimination of old barriers to free trade and investment. It is much easier to do this when an economy is booming and everybody is doing well, and the long term gain from greater efficiency is well documented in economic theory. It is much easier to do this when an economy is booming and everybody is doing well, and the long term gains from greater efficiency is well documented in economic theory.

Rationing policy Rationing policy

For example, one response to a shortage of building materials and high prices is to introduce a control on price inflation. For example, one response to a shortage of building materials and high prices is to introduce a control on price inflation. But this will then shift the onus of limited supply on to some kind of rationing criteria instead of price as it does nothing to tackle the underlying issue of lack of supply. But this will then shift the onus of limited supply on to some kind of rationing criteria instead of price as it does nothing to tackle the underlying issue of lack of supply.

Far better is a free market approach which will allow the sourcing of building materials from anywhere in the world at the lowest cost. Far better is a free market approach, which will allow the sourcing of building materials from anywhere in the world at the lowest cost. A similar approach can also be applied to skilled labor. A similar approach can also be applied to skilled labor. Much better to recruit worldwide than insist on finding suitably qualified nationals of the country concerned as they may not exist. Much better to recruit worldwide insist on finding than suitably qualified Nationals of the country Concerned as they may not exist.

In fact one reason for the strength of the current economic boom in the Middle East is a generally free market approach to labor, a notable contrast to the closed economies of the Western world whose economies go short of IT professionals rather than import them from certain nations. In fact one reason for the strength of the current economic boom in the Middle East is a generally free market approach to labor, a notable contrast to the closed economies of the Western world whose economies go short of IT professionals rather than import them from certain nations .

http://www.ameinfo.com/101120.html

Aku lihat artikel perusahaan Kecil membantu dunia menantang UEA penurunan (Januari 24). Though the UAE is indeed an easy place to establish small businesses, it has far to go in terms of establishing a regulatory framework which nurtures them. Meskipun UEA memang tempat yang mudah untuk mendirikan usaha kecil, telah jauh pergi dalam hal membangun kerangka peraturan yang memelihara mereka.

As the business director for a boutique film production company based in Abu Dhabi, I am continually encountering government clients bound by auditing policies which mandate overwrought contractual terms more appropriate to large-scale industrial contracts. Sebagai direktur bisnis untuk sebuah perusahaan produksi film butik yang berbasis di Abu Dhabi, saya terus-menerus menghadapi klien pemerintah terikat oleh kebijakan audit yang tegang mandat istilah kontrak lebih cocok untuk industri skala besar kontrak. Advance payment guarantees, performance bonds, and tender bonds are not only inappropriate to many media industries but they drive small businesses out of the game. Jaminan uang muka, performance bond, dan obligasi tender tidak hanya pantas untuk banyak industri media tetapi mereka mengusir usaha kecil keluar dari permainan.

If Abu Dhabi is serious about nurturing an economy of entrepreneurs, it needs to create a business environment in which they can realistically participate. Jika Abu Dhabi serius memelihara perekonomian dengan pengusaha, diperlukan untuk menciptakan lingkungan bisnis di mana mereka dapat secara realistis berpartisipasi.

ES , Abu Dhabi ES, Abu Dhabi

Ekonomi yang baik tidak hanya berdasar pada modal. A good economy is one that has worked hard to diversify and create knowledge-based sustainability like Singapore and Scandinavia. Ekonomi yang baik adalah salah satu yang telah bekerja keras untuk diversifikasi dan menciptakan kesinambungan berbasis pengetahuan seperti Singapura dan Skandinavia.

With the amount of natural resources and thus massive cash flow that the UAE has, it should be the most progressive place on the planet and a blueprint for every emerging market. Dengan jumlah sumber daya alam dan dengan demikian besar arus kas bahwa UAE telah, harus menjadi tempat paling progresif di planet dan cetak biru untuk setiap emerging market. It is trying to and it will get there but it is not government management that gives it a good economy. Ini adalah mencoba dan akan sampai di sana tetapi tidak penuh pemerintah yang memberinya ekonomi yang baik. It is two things: input from the expat workforce (skilled labour and innovation) and its own liquid assets (liquid in cash and liquid in oil, to be precise). Ini adalah dua hal: input dari tenaga kerja expat (tenaga kerja terampil dan inovasi) dan aset cair sendiri (cair dalam bentuk uang tunai dan cair dalam minyak, tepatnya).

Once the local population, due to properly structured Emiratisation, has been woven into the fibre of the culture and entrepreneurs and innovators spring out of the national collective, backed with government funding, you will see a truly good economy. Begitu penduduk lokal, karena benar terstruktur Emiratisation, telah terjalin ke dalam serat kebudayaan dan pengusaha dan inovator musim semi keluar dari kolektif nasional, didukung dengan dana pemerintah, Anda akan melihat ekonomi yang benar-benar baik.

Mick D , Dubai Mick D, Dubai

Ostrobogulous language article Artikel bahasa Ostrobogulous

In his opinion article An ostrobogulous journey through a godwottery of words (January 23), Colin Randall says readers may find exploration of obscure words ostrobogulous. Dalam artikel opini ostrobogulous Sebuah perjalanan melalui kata godwottery (Januari 23), Colin Randall mengatakan eksplorasi pembaca dapat menemukan kata-kata yang tak jelas ostrobogulous. Well, not ostrobogulous in terms of “indecent, pornographic”, but certainly “interesting and bizarre”. Well, tidak ostrobogulous dalam hal tidak senonoh, pornografi ", tapi jelas" menarik dan aneh ".

I only managed two out of the seven (“accidie” and “godwottery”) but I thank him for providing interesting additions to my vocabulary. Aku hanya dikelola dua dari tujuh ( "accidie" dan "godwottery") tapi aku berterima kasih padanya untuk memberikan tambahan menarik kosakata saya. Just wait till my next Scrabble game with my daughter, though some of them have too many letters. Tunggu sampai permainan Scrabble berikutnya dengan putri saya, meskipun beberapa dari mereka memiliki terlalu banyak huruf. I can just hear her protests about “brendice”. Aku bisa mendengar protes tentang "brendice".

Sheona Hutcheson , Gibraltar Sheona Hutcheson, Gibraltar

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kita sering sekali melihat anak-anak jalanan yang terlantar di jalanan.Anak-anak jalanan itu bermacam-macam ada yang mengais rezeky dengan meminta-minta, ada juga yang mengamen dan ada juga yang berjualan.Anak-anak jalanan itu melakukan hal itu mungkin karena desakan ekonomi dan keadaan pula. Kebanyakan dari mereka tidak bersekolah karena mungkin keterbatasan biaya.tapi terkadang masih ada orang-orang yang mendirikan tempat bagi anak jalanan yang ingin mendapatkan pendidikan.anak jalanan itu biasanya tidak mempunyai tempat tinggal mereka terkadang tidur dimana pun yang menurut mereka aman dan nyaman.

Pada musim hujan seperti ini ojek payung sangat berguna bagi orang-orang yang tidak mempunyai payung ataupun yang kehujanan. Para pengojek payung mengais rezeky ketika hujan turun. seperti contoh di stasiun bogor tercinta, setiap hujan turun sudah banyak pengojek payung yang bersiap mencari orang-orang yang membutuhkan payung nya itu, dengan tarif seiklasnya para pengojek payung itu bisa mendapatkan uang.Kebanyakan pengojek payung itu anak-anak kecil,anak-anak kecil yang menjadi pengojek payung itu setiap hujan datang mereka langsung berebut mencari orang yang ingin memakai payung nya itu.Anak-anak yang mengojekan payung nya itu sepertinya kedinginan terkena hujan, tapi mungkin mereka melakukan itu dengan terpakasa karena desakan ekonomi.

28 April 2009
MANILA, PHILIPPINES - The Asian Development Bank (ADB) will assist the Pacific region to improve economic management and in doing so will help the region weather the impacts of the global economic crisis.

"Sound economic management will be key to the Pacific minimizing the impact of the global downturn," says S. "Sound economic management will be key to the Pacific minimizing the impact of the global downturn," says S. Hafeez Rahman, Director General of ADB's Pacific Department. Hafeez Rahman, Director General of ADB's Pacific Department.

A grant of US$3.5 million will be used to assist ADB's Pacific developing member countries prepare a national response to the global crisis. A grant of U.S. $ 3.5 million will be used to assist the ADB's Pacific developing member countries prepare a national response to the global crisis.

"The technical assistance provides for ADB's contribution to a joint effort by development partners to help the Pacific lessen the effects of the global crisis through improved economic monitoring, and policy analysis," says Craig Sugden, ADB Country Economist and project team leader. "The technical assistance provides for ADB's contribution to a joint effort by development partners to help the Pacific lessen the effects of the global economic crisis through improved monitoring, and policy analysis," says Craig Sugden, ADB Country Economist and project team leader. "The project aims to generate longer-term benefits by helping the Pacific region develop their systems and processes for economic management." "The project aims to generate longer-term benefits by helping the Pacific region develop their systems and processes for economic management."

With the help of mentors, ADB will assist decision makers and senior economic advisers of ADB's Pacific developing member countries apply key lessons learned from the Pacific and other regions toward successful economic reform. With the help of mentors, ADB will assist decision makers and senior economic advisers of ADB's Pacific developing member countries apply the key lessons learned from the Pacific and other regions toward successful economic reform.

Another major activity funded by the grant is the development of a Pacific Economic Monitor. Another major activity funded by the grant is the development of a Pacific Economic Monitor. The monitor will be prepared as a compilation of data and economic analysis of the impact of the global economic crisis. The monitor will be prepared as a compilation of data and economic analysis of the impact of the global economic crisis. The Pacific Economic Monitor will be disseminated widely to raise public awareness of key public policy issues. The Pacific Economic Monitor will be widely disseminated to raise public awareness of key public policy issues.

The ADB technical assistance project will be financed by ADB's technical assistance funding program (TA Special Fund IV). The ADB technical assistance project will be Financed by ADB's technical assistance funding program (TA Special Fund IV). ADB will provide $3 million equivalent, and Pacific developing member country governments will finance the remaining $0.5 million. ADB will provide $ 3 million equivalent, and Pacific developing member country governments will finance the remaining $ 0.5 million.

Resource allocations will depend on prospects for sustainability, the vulnerability of Pacific economies to the global economic crisis, and other development partner activities in this area. Resource allocations will depend on prospects for sustainability, the vulnerability of Pacific economies to the global economic crisis, partners and other development activities in this area.

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Publius: The Journal of Federalism 1991 21 (4) :89-101;
© 1991 by CSF Associates Inc. © 1991 by CSF Associates Inc..

Izevbuwa Osayimwese and Sunday Iyare and Sunday Iyare
OPEC Secretariat OPEC Secretariat
University of Benin University of Benin

Nigeria's economic difficulties are due primarily to public-sector Nigeria's economic difficulties are due primarily to public-sector mismanagement exacerbated by the dynamics of federalism and mismanagement exacerbated by the dynamics of Federalism and state creation and by the growth in centralized federal power. state creation and by the growth in federal Centralized power. Monetary policy has been inadequate, fiscal policy has rewarded Monetary policy has been inadequate, fiscal policy has rewarded state governments but not brought their spending policies in state governments but not brought their spending policies in line with their own resources and with national economic objectives, line with their own resources and with national economic objectives, and resources have been consistently misallocated, largely because and resources have been misallocated consistently, largely because of the principle of "federal character." of the principle of "federal character." Recent efforts to deregulate Recent efforts to deregulate and privatize the economy show promise, but the success of economic and privatize the economy shows promise, but the success of economic development will depend greatly on the future civilian or military development will depend greatly on the future civilian or military governance of Nigeria. governance of Nigeria.

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